某岩质陡崖边坡崩塌地质灾害成因及治理设计分析

以某岩质陡崖边坡崩塌地质灾害治理工程项目为依托,对崩塌地质灾害形成的主要诱发因素,如地形条件、地层岩性、降雨以及人类活动等进行了比较详细的介绍,为事故原因的定性提供相关依据。同时,针对现场实际情况及边坡稳定性分析结果提出一系列治理措施,为今后的具体工程实践提供相关理论依据及技术参考。     

欧洲颠覆性太空技术搜寻方法体系研究

 欧洲颠覆性太空技术搜寻计划因其系统化的优势而受到关注。研究了欧洲颠覆性太空技术搜寻初选、评价环节，分析了颠覆性太空技术的理论基础、基于STEP框架的评价标准和评价方法，介绍了颠覆性太空技术的技术路线图。通过对欧洲颠覆性太空技术方法体系在理论、方法、实施3个层面经验的总结，得出推动中国颠覆性技术创新的启示，即重视技术应用场景分析，建立专家履历信息平台，构建多源信息支撑体系，加强技术发展规划管理等。     

BIM情境下综合设施管理服务供应商激励契约

为有效激励综合设施管理（Integrated Facility Management，IFM）服务供应商应用BIM进行IFM外包服务，实现BIM在IFM过程中的应用价值与IFM项目绩效，基于委托代理理论，针对IFM外包BIM应用过程中IFM服务供应商需要执行的BIM系统运营服务和IFM业务咨询服务两项任务，构建多任务委托代理模型；依托模型，分析在两项服务任务成本相互独立、相互依存及相互替代等三种激励模式下的激励契约；结合模型计算与MATLAB仿真结果，辨识最优的激励模式及激励契约。研究表明：3种模式下的激励契约将对IFM服务供应商产生不同的激励效果，并对业主方IFM项目造成差异性绩效；3种激励模式下的最优激励契约由高到低排序为：成本相互依存模式下的最优激励契约>成本相互独立模式下的最优激励契约>成本相互替代模式下的最优激励契约；业主方应选取合适的激励模式与契约对IFM服务供应商进行激励，且其服务能力与IFM项目绩效越高，业主方对其激励将越大。     

I ain’t afraid of no ghost

This paper criticizes the traditional philosophical account of the quantization of gauge theories and offers an alternative. On the received view, gauge theories resist quantization because they feature distinct mathematical representatives of the same physical state of affairs. This resistance is overcome by a sequence of ad hoc modifications, justified in part by reference to semiclassical electrodynamics. Among other things, these modifications introduce ”ghosts”: particles with unphysical properties which do not appear in asymptotic states and which are said to be purely a notational convenience. I argue that this sequence of modifications is unjustified and inadequate, making it a poor basis for the interpretation of ghosts. I then argue that gauge theories can be quantized by the same method as any other theory. On this account, ghosts are not purely notation: they are coordinates on the classical configuration space of the theory—specifically, on its gauge structure. This interpretation does not fall prey to the standard philosophical arguments against the significance of ghosts, due to Weingard. Weingard’s argumentative strategy, properly applied, in fact tells in favor of ghosts’ physical significance.     

准噶尔盆地车排子凸起新近系沙湾组重矿物、U-Pb年代学特征及物源分析

综合岩石学特征、砂岩碎屑组分特征、重矿物组合特征和锆石U-Pb年代学特征, 探讨准噶尔盆地车排子凸起新近系沙湾组沙一段的沉积特征和物源演化过程。结果表明, 车排子凸起存在南北双物源体系, 沙一段以粗碎屑沉积为主。在一砂组沉积阶段, 扎依尔山为北部物源区, 发育小规模扇三角洲沉积; 中天山及北天山造山带为南部物源区, 发育辫状河三角洲沉积。在二砂组沉积阶段, 中天山供给减弱, 北天山供给加强, 盆地水体加深, 南部辫状河三角洲前端分布小型滨浅湖滩坝。南部物源变化的主要原因可能是受印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的远程影响, 天山在新生代中新世中期经历强烈的挤压和抬升过程, 造成北天山隆升, 为车排子凸起提供物源。     

Quantum reality: A pragmaticized neo-Kantian approach

Despite remarkable efforts, it remains notoriously difficult to equip quantum theory with a coherent ontology. Hence, Healey (2017, 12) has recently suggested that “quantum theory has no physical ontology and states no facts about physical objects or events”, and Fuchs et al. (2014, 752) similarly hold that “quantum mechanics itself does not deal directly with the objective world”. While intriguing, these positions either raise the question of how talk of ‘physical reality’ can even remain meaningful, or they must ultimately embrace a hidden variables-view, in tension with their original project. I here offer a neo-Kantian alternative. In particular, I will show how constitutive elements in the sense of Reichenbach (1920) and Friedman (1999, 2001) can be identified within quantum theory, through considerations of symmetries that allow the constitution of a ‘quantum reality’, without invoking any notion of a radically mind-independent reality. The resulting conception will inherit elements from pragmatist and ‘QBist’ approaches, but also differ from them in crucial respects. Furthermore, going beyond the Friedmanian program, I will show how non-fundamental and approximate symmetries can be relevant for identifying constitutive principles.     

液中放电沉积技术研究进展

液中放电沉积是一种新型的表面改性技术，起源于电火花加工技术，可在金属表面制备出具有高硬度、高耐磨性以及高结合力等优良性能的沉积层。此外，该技术不污染环境，有望替代部分常用但具有污染性的表面改性技术。液中放电沉积技术的核心内容为沉积层形成机制、工具电极材料以及介电流体成分。简单介绍了液中放电沉积技术的特点，重点阐述了沉积层的形成机制以及缺陷优化工艺，并从工具电极材料、介电流体成分和实际生产应用三个方面总结了液中放电沉积技术的国内外研究进展，展望了该技术的发展方向。     

On miracles and spacetime

What have recently been dubbed two ‘miracles’ of general relativity—(1) that all non-gravitational interactions are locally governed by Poincaré invariant dynamical laws; and (2) that, in the regime of experimental practice in which curvature effects may be ignored, the local Poincaré symmetries of the dynamical laws governing matter fields coincide with the local Poincaré symmetries of the dynamical metric field—remain unaccounted for in that theory. In this paper, I demonstrate that these two ‘miracles’ admit of a natural explanation in one particular successor theory to general relativity—namely, perturbative string theory. I argue that this point has important implications when considering both the ‘chronogeometricity’ (that is, the object in question being surveyed by rods and clocks built from matter fields) and spatiotemporal status of the dynamical metric field in both general relativity and perturbative string theory.     

在组织中实践基于模型的系统工程

 基于模型的系统工程（MBSE）要解决复杂系统工程的问题，需要通过信息、计算和软件来架设传统系统与各领域工程（嵌入式、安全、结构等）之间的桥梁。综合产品团队使MBSE的有效方式可以有效降低实践风险，同时MBSE工具链和集成开发环境的成熟度也是制约实践效果的重要影响因素。全面数字化趋势引领的第4次工业革命中，MBSE向数据主线/数字工程等演进的趋势日趋显著。面向未来，必须认识到MBSE和产品数据管理/产品生命周期管理集成，以及在数字工程和数字主线大背景下理解和再造MBSE的必要性。     

民航飞机客舱乘务员应急处置能力分析

为提高民航飞机客舱乘务员应急处置能力,根据专家访谈和相关规章,选取了22项民机客舱乘务员应急处置能力指标。通过编制问卷进行调研,使用SPSS22.0对问卷统计数据进行信度、效度检验及因子分析得到旋转后的各指标的因子载荷,从中提取4个二级指标,并根据各自特点依次命名为基本素质、知识基础、职业技能、处置能力。根据指标体系建立民机客舱乘务员应急处置能力结构方程模型,提出假设模型。使用AMOS24.0对假设模型进行验证和拟合优度检验,最后根据各指标标准化路径指数计算得到各指标的权重。结果表明：对乘务员应急处置能力影响最大的是基本素质,然后依次为处置能力、职业技能、知识基础。